DISTILLATION COLUMN :HISTORY

 INTRODUCTION

In 1813, Jean‐Baptiste Collier‐Blumenthal (1768-1840), built upon and combined these ideas, and patented the first continuously operating distillation column. This still had a pot still type-kettle, but replaced the traditional lyne arm and cooling worm with a vertical column of perforated plates  

Distillation is one of the oldest and most commonly used separation and purification methods (besides crystallization) and probably one of the most thoroughly investigated and understood. This chapter traces its historical development from the first applications more than 5000 years ago in Mesopotamia to the medieval period, the nineteenth-century industrial developments, and contemporary applications. In view of the multitude of information on distillation in the literature, the emphasis here is on the major applications and equipment leading to the current mature technology. Processes and materials together with scientific knowledge are mirrored in the development of distillation. Current developments encompass deeper knowledge of heat and mass transfer as well as the integration of various process functions.

Types of Distillatio

• Simple distillation.
• Fractional distillation.
• Steam distillation.  
• Vacuum distillation.
• Air-sensitive vacuum distillation.
• Short path distillaton    

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